Dynamics of compost extract and its relationship in systems inoculated with efficient microorganisms.

Abstract

Sustainable organic waste management represents an effective alternative for reducing waste accumulation and producing organic amendments. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different microbial inoculants on the physicochemical dynamics during the composting of plant residues enriched with biol and poultry manure. The experiment was conducted under field conditions using compost piles inoculated with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, and an entomopathogenic fungus, in addition to an untreated control. Organic matter, hydrogen potential, temperature, and compost yield were evaluated. The results showed that the evaluated microorganisms significantly modified the composting process. Treatments inoculated with nitrogen-fixing bacteria and lactic acid bacteria retained higher organic matter contents and achieved the highest compost yields. In contrast, treatments inoculated with the entomopathogenic fungus promoted a more intense mineralization of organic matter, accompanied by slightly alkaline hydrogen potential values and earlier thermal stabilization. Furthermore, yeast-inoculated treatments exhibited intermediate behavior for the evaluated parameters. It was concluded that the nature of the inoculated microorganisms directly influenced carbon degradation dynamics, hydrogen potential evolution, thermal behavior, and final compost yield. The use of efficient microorganisms constitutes a viable strategy for improving compost quality and stability, thereby contributing to the sustainable utilization of organic resources in agricultural systems.