Impact of Mining activities on soil quality and agriculture in Ecuador

Abstract

This study analyzed the impact of large-scale mining on soil quality and agriculture in Ecuador, with a focus on territories inhabited by indigenous communities. Negative effects such as soil and water contamination with heavy metals, reduced fertility, and degradation of ecosystems essential for agricultural production were identified. The research employed a quantitative approach using surveys conducted with students and faculty at the Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes. The results revealed that most respondents perceive mining as detrimental to soil quality and agriculture, while also showing widespread skepticism regarding the effectiveness of the legal framework in protecting agricultural soils. Additionally, the study highlighted the insufficiency of ecological restoration measures and the need to improve environmental oversight. In conclusion, it is recommended to strengthen environmental regulation and monitoring, ensure an effective prior consultation with affected communities, and develop ecological restoration strategies to mitigate the impact of mining activities.Keywords: Mining, Soil quality, Environmental impact, Agricultural development, Indigenous communities